Mitochondrial hijack by pathogen

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Mitochondrial hijack by pathogen

This is clinical research on pathogen and their
infection to host.
Mitochondria
Mitochondria are known as energy suppliers for our cells, but they also play an important
role in the defense against pathogens. 
They can initiate immune responses, and deprive pathogens of the nutrients they need to grow.
Now.pathogens can turn off mitochondrial defense mechanisms by hijacking a normal cellular response to stress.
Research
->Scientists infected cells with the human parasite Toxoplasma gondii and observed live under the microscope.

[
What is Toxoplasma gondii:- 
          Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasitic protozoan that causes toxoplasmosis.

symptoms
''there was little evidence that T. gondii was related to increased risk of psychiatric disorder, poor impulse control, personality aberrations or neurocognitive impairment."
 T. gondii is capable of infecting virtually all warm-blooded animals.

How they looks:-
classification of pathogen
Species:                     T. gondii
Genus:                        Toxoplasma
Subfamily:                  Toxoplasmatinae
Family:                        Sarcocystidae
Order:                          Eucoccidiorida
Class:                          Conoidasida
Phylum:                       Apicomplexa
Infrakingdom:             Alveolata
Clade:                           SAR
]


what happens to the outer compartment of mitochondria.
that mitochondria in contact with the parasite started shedding large structures from their outer membrane.
Q.Why would mitochondria shed what is essentially the gateway between them and the rest of the cell?" 
Q.But how does the parasite get the mitochondria to do it?
(if you know answer of anyone just comment down below or mail me)

Hostile takeover:
->Scientists was able to show that the pathogen has a protein that functionally mimics a host mitochondrial protein. 
->It binds to a receptor on the outer membrane of mitochondria, to gain access to the machinery that ensures proteins are transported inside the mitochondria.

Hypothesis:-
->The parasite hijacks a normal host response to mitochondrial stress that, in the context of infection, effectively disarms the mitochondria.
->Other researchers have shown that a SARS-CoV-2 virus protein also binds to this transport receptor. 
->This suggests the receptor plays an important role in the host-pathogen inter‐
action. But further investigation is needed to better understand its role during different infections.

created by- Takshal Shah


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